Live
a Longer and Healthier Life
By Herlan Westra
An
unexpected research finding with great practical significance
is that experimental animals live longer with much lower
rates of disease when they consume less than the recommended
daily allowance of calories. The finding is unexpected
because we associate less-than-optimal nutrition with
poor growth and health, and common sense tells us that
we do better if we are well nourished. In fact, most of
us may be overnourished, and too much of a good thing
may be doing us harm.
An
adequate diet is one that provides not only enough calories
but also all of the nutrients necessary for efficient
metabolism without any excesses that promote disease.
What constitutes a good diet is a matter of controversy,
and much of the controversy is based on emotion rather
than reason.
An
average person needs less than 2,000 calories daily, with
300 to 400 of the calories coming from fat. Present labeling
laws are helpful in determining your caloric intake, but
maintaining your weight or losing weight is much more
complicated. The FDA supports two ways to diet: increase
exercise and decrease the intake of food.
Dieting
Can Make You Fat
That's
it? The secret to a long and healthy life is diet and
exercise? Not really! Metabolism slows down during a diet,
and the body burns fewer calories, causing more fat to
be stored as a protection against extended "famine."
When the food supply is restored, the metabolism is slow
to respond, and the body stores even more fat. In humans,
this yo-yo phenomenon is harmful - starvation diets simply
fool the
body into starting a famine cycle. Once the diet is over,
we are back to where we started, or worse.
Granted,
exercise programs help keep the metabolism active, but
most of us are about as committed to our exercise programs
as we are to our diets. We fall off the exercise program
at the same time we end the diet, increasing the yo-yo
effect. Then how should we combine dieting and exercise
into a healthy life?
First
we need to modify our diets, lowering caloric content
without greatly reducing the amount or the appeal of food
we consume. The best way of lowering caloric content is
by cutting the fat content in our diets. Fat has almost
twice as many calories per gram as protein and carbohydrate.
Second
we need to restrict caloric intake either by fasting or
by eating a limited diet one day a week. Our body's metabolism
will not react quick enough to begin a "famine"
cycle during a one-day diet. Fasting should include plenty
of liquids, with enough fruit juices to maintain a minimum
caloric intake. When fasting, reduce the intake of supplemental
vitamins and minerals, as some supplements may
become toxic if not consumed with adequate amounts of
food.
Vitamin
Supplements
Our
bodies don't benefit from the food we eat, but rather
by what is digested, assimilated and eliminated. The food
is taken in, broken into smaller and smaller parts until
it can be absorbed and the by-products discarded. Enzymes
digest all of our food and make it small enough to pass
through the
intestines into the blood. Enzymes are a part of every
metabolic process in the body, from the working of our
glands to the proper functioning of our immune system.
Enzymes require vitamins and minerals to do their work.
Many
manufactured vitamin and mineral supplements, because
they are fractionated (broken down into basic elements),
are treated as toxic waste in the body. Some minerals
in an unnatural form can accumulate and cause harmful
effects. Fortunately, many commercial vitamin and mineral
supplements are so badly formulated that they pass right
through our digestive systems without breaking down and
being absorbed. Unfortunately, we haven't received the
benefit that we paid for.
Many
people are now using all-natural herbal forms of vitamin
and mineral supplements. Because these are in a natural
form, they are more easily absorbed than manufactured
supplements. They are also much less concentrated than
manufactured supplements, and so are often safer. However,
it is always best to consult with your personal physician
before taking any nutritional supplement.
The
proper supplements, combined with proper diet and exercise,
can help you live a longer and healthier life.
Herlan Westra is the editor of Rhode Island Foghorn Online
Magazine, which provides
information and entertainment for a rapidly-growing audience
nationwide.
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